Royal Diam - Diamond Directory
Like any other industry, the diamond industry has a world of its own with an entirely new vocabulary, which might seem alien to some newly ventured people.
As a leading diamond manufacturer and exporter in the world, we sense the need to tabulate such terminology related to diamonds with their general definitions.
Here, we have attempted to compile a list of terms related to the diamond world in the form of a dictionary. It can assist you in making informed decisions about diamond buying.
We hope you find this Royal Diam’s Diamond Dictionary useful!
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# A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X
❖ 4Cs ― 4Cs of the diamond include the measure of its cut, color, clarity, and carat weight.
❖ Abrasion: A small scratch on the diamond surface (mostly caused by contact with other diamonds) appears to be white.
❖ Adamantine: Another word for diamond luster and shine.
❖ Adamas: Greek word for indestructible and the origin of the word diamond.
❖ Alrosa: Alrosa is a Russian group of diamond mining companies founded in 1992, which specializes in exploration, mining, manufacture, and sale of diamonds.
❖ Anatomy: Diamond-characteristics after cutting and polishing.
❖ Azimuth: A measurement of the direction that a diamond-facet is pointing.
❖ Angle: Diamonds have a “critical angle” meaning that if the relations between the angles are not placed within these optical limitations, the light entering the diamond will leak out through its pavilion and fail to reflect back to the viewer.
❖ Alluvial deposit: Deposits of minerals formed by the action of water eroding and transporting rock material.
❖ Anisotropic: Crystal which exhibits double refraction. The crystal breaks up a ray of light into two rays which move with different velocities within the crystal.
❖ Asscher: Diamond shape named after the world-renowned cutter Joseph Asscher; square with cut corners
❖ Baguette: A fancy rectangular-shaped diamond cut into using the step cut.
❖ Bearded Girdle: A girdle exhibiting several hair-like fractures extending into the diamond.
❖ Bezel: The large facets of the diamond, on the crown and second to the table.
❖ Blemish: A type of flaw on the diamond’s surface/exterior. Blemishes include abrasions, nicks, polish marks, and scratches, etc.
❖ Blocking: A primary step of diamond cutting where its basic proportions and symmetry with main 8 facets on both crown and pavilion, are established.
❖ Bort: A diamond category consists of diamonds that are not gem-quality, popularly known as industrial-grade diamonds.
❖ Bottom Halves: A group of all lower girdle facets.
❖ Bourse: A word for diamond trading markets.
❖ Bow Tie: The shadowy areas visible in some fancy diamond-shapes (like ovals and pears) due to the light leakage out of the diamond’s bottom.
❖ Brilliance: The white light’s intensity (including external and internal reflections) perceived by the naked human eye when viewing a diamond from the crown.
❖ Brillianteering: The diamond cutting process where a diamond gets its final shape, including the upper girdle facets, lower girdle facets, and star facets.
❖ Brilliant Cut: A round-cut diamond featuring triangular, kite-shaped facets extending from its center to the girdle edges of its crown and pavilion.
❖ Bruise: A chip (imperfection) on the diamond surface usually formed when the diamond hits a hard surface.
❖ Bruting: The process of cutting the rough diamond into it’s (to be) polished shape along the girdle.
❖ Burn Mark: The diamond surface clouding is caused by excessive heat.
❖ Canada Mark: A hallmark program by the Dominion Diamond Mines to ensure the integrity in the supply chain (from mine to retail) of Canadian diamonds in terms of their origin and mfg. history.
❖ Canary: Fancy color diamonds having an intense or vivid yellow color.
❖ Cape Series: It is not a technical term but popularly used in the diamond business. Cape Series Diamonds consist of diamonds having color grades ranging from K to Z.
❖ Carat: It is the standard measure of diamond weight (not size). One carat equals 0.2 grams or 100 points (cents). The word carat is derived from the seeds of a plant named – carob, as they are so uniform that a set number of them always weigh the same, no matter when or where they are collected.
❖ Carat Spread: The difference between the carat-weight of an ideally cut diamond and a less perfectly cut diamond having the same outer dimension (diameter of the girdle).
❖ Carbon Spots: A term for the appearance of certain diamond inclusions.
❖ Cavity: A tiny opening or depression on the diamond surface.
❖ Certificate: A report issued by the independent gemological laboratories, i.e., EGL, GIA, GSI, HRD, IGI, etc., grading/rating the diamond characteristics.
❖ Certified Diamond: A diamond with its unique grading certificate from independent gemological laboratories.
❖ Chevrons: The set of V-shaped facets on a princess cut diamond’s pavilion.
❖ Chip: A shallow break-induced on the diamond surface, usually during the cutting/setting process.
❖ Clarity: Describing the degree of imperfections (impurities) in/on a diamond, except the carbon.
❖ Claws: The metal that holds a diamond in place in any piece of jewellery. Typical settings consist of 4/6 claws..
❖ Cleavage: A breakable weak point/fracture from where the diamond is most likely to split if struck in a certain direction.
❖ Cloud: The grouping of pinpoint inclusions can make a diamond appear hazy/milky under magnification. Most clouds are not visible through naked eyes.
❖ Cognac Diamond: Another term for Brown-colored Diamond, also called Champagne Diamond.
❖ Color: The measure of colourlessness of a diamond in terms of a yellow tint presence, scaled from colorless (D) to saturated (Z).
❖ Color Origin: The basis of a hue in the colored diamonds, i.e., natural, enhanced, treated, etc.
❖ Conflict Diamonds: Diamonds that are illicitly obtained and/or involved in fuelling the conflict activities between militant groups and governments.
❖ Contrast: The differential brightness between adjoining facets of a diamond, rousing its fire and scintillation.
❖ Crown: The part of the diamond that sits above the girdle.
❖ Crown Angle: The angle at which the bezel facets of a diamond intersect the girdle plane.
❖ Crystal: A mineral found inside a diamond.
❖ Cushion-Cut: A rectangular or square-shaped diamond with curved sides and rounded corners.
❖ Cut: The measure of diamond proportions, symmetry, and polish.
❖ Culet: The bottom-most part of a diamond or the apex of the pavilion. Not all diamonds have culets. Those diamonds having the culets can be a point or a facet sitting parallel to the table.
❖ C.V.D. Diamond: A synthetic diamond produced by the process of chemical vapour deposition.
❖ Cubic Zirconia (C.Z.): Man made gem. Zirconium Oxide stabilised in the cubic system. The most common diamond imitation.
❖ Dark Field Illumination: The trademarked GemoLite (Diamondlite) microscope by GIA to inspect the diamond clarity. It uses a bright circular light with the dark field in the background to view diamond inclusions without the surface reflections.
❖ DDC: Dominion Diamond Mines is a Canadian diamond mining company founded in 1980.
❖ De Beers: De Beers Group is an international corporation specialized in diamond mining, exploration, retail, trading, etc., founded in 1888.
❖ Depth: The measure of the distance between the diamond culet and table.
❖ Depth Percentage: The ratio of diamond height to its width.
❖ Diamondsure: It is a compact screening device designed to distinguish natural diamonds from synthetics/simulants.
❖ Diamantaire: An expert person in diamonds and the diamond trade.
❖ Diamond plot: A map of a diamond’s interior and exterior.
❖ Diamond Scribe: A tool mounted with an industrial quality diamond to test the diamond’s authenticity by the amount of damage caused on its surface.
❖ Dispersion: Also known as diamond-fire, dispersion refers to separating white light into a spectrum of different colors when passing through the diamond.
❖ DOP: A fixture that holds the diamond in polishing.
❖ Durability: The measure of the diamond’s ability to resist wear, based on its toughness, stability, and hardness.
❖ Doublet: A composite gemstone consisting of two parts of the same or different materials joined together.
❖ EGL: European Gemological Laboratory is a privately owned, for-profit gemological lab that grades and certifies diamond quality.
❖ Eight Hearts Diamond: A round brilliant cut diamond, cut to perfect proportions and symmetry, is known as an Eight-Hearts-Diamond. Because when viewed through an ideal scope, it displays 8 perfect arrows from above and 8 perfect hearts below.
❖ Emerald-Cut: A square or rectangular-shaped diamond with diagonal corners. Most emerald cut diamonds have 2-4 rows of facets parallel to the girdle.
❖ Enhancement: Any unnatural process that alters a natural diamond’s appearance (particularly the color or clarity). For example, coating, fracture filling, high temperature/high pressure, irradiation, laser drilling, etc.
❖ Excellent Cut: If ideal proportions and symmetry are achieved, the diamond cut will be graded as excellent, meaning it has maximum fire, brilliance, and scintillation.
❖ Extra Facet: An additional facet is put on the diamond, usually to repair any minor issue.
❖ Eye-Clean: A term that indicates that a diamond has no flaws visible to the naked eyes.
❖ Facet: Any flat, polished surface on the diamond surface.
❖ Fair and fixed price policy: HK is the diamond industry’s pioneer of Fair and Fixed Price Policy. This policy ensures transparent and fair business dealings, a WIN-WIN business position for both parties.
❖ Fair Cut: A diamond cut capturing low sparkle.
❖ Faith Certificate: It is the in-house diamond grading certificate developed by Hari Krishna Exports following the GIA standards. All diamonds at HK are supported with the in-house Faith Certificate.
❖ Fancy Color: Diamonds displaying a unique color (other than white) created by their compound structural elements.
❖ Fancy Cut: All the diamond cuts, other than single or round, are considered fancy cut diamonds.
❖ Feather: Any fracture in the diamond (either extending to its surface or completely enclosed) having lines radiating from it makes it look like a feather.
❖ Fingerprint: Any unique identifying characteristic of the particular diamond.
❖ Finish: The qualities imparted to a rough diamond by the diamond cutter’s skills.
❖ Fire: Flashes of spectral color like a rainbow reflect from a diamond when it is moved under the white light.
❖ Fisheye: It refers to the diamonds having a black dot in the center due to the reflection of light between the facets.
❖ Fissure: It is a crack/fracture/feather of the diamond that reaches its surface.
❖ Flash Effect: Fracture filling in the diamond is usually accompanied by the flash effect, including shades of blue, green, violet, etc.
❖ Flaw: Any internal or external imperfection present in the diamond.
❖ Flawless (FL) Grade: This is the ultimate clarity grade for a diamond describing a diamond having no imperfections. Very few diamonds are graded as FL.
❖ Fluorescence: Certain diamonds exhibit colored luminescence (usually blue) when exposed to strong sunlight or ultraviolet light, referred to as diamond fluorescence.
❖ Fluorescence Ratings: The measure of fluorescence present in a particular diamond. It is scaled from none, faint, light, medium, strong, and very strong.
❖ Fracture: Any irregular chip/break on a diamond not in the direction of a cleavage plane usually appears as a step-like or splinters.
❖ Fracture Filling: Clarity enhancing treatment. High refractive index glass is used to fill in surface reaching fractures. This treatment is not permanent and can be damaged by heat, acid and ultrasonic cleaning.
❖ Frayed Facet Edges: Possibly wear and tear the diamonds get over time.
❖ Gemologist: A person with expertise in gemology, which includes gem identification, grading, pricing, apprising, etc., is known as a gemologist.
❖ GIA: Acronym used for the Gemological Institute of America. It is an independent international grading laboratory responsible for the grading of diamonds.
❖ Gem/Gemstone: Mineral or organic material with sufficient beauty, rarity and durability to be set into jewellery.
❖ Girdle: Thin outer edge of the diamond separating the pavilion and the crown of a diamond is called the girdle. It is the diamond’s widest circumference, where its diameter is measured.
❖ Girdle thickness: The measurement of the diamonds’ average girdle diameter ranges from very thin, thin, medium, slightly thick, thick, and extremely thick.
❖ GJEPC: It is an acronym for the Gem & Jewellery Export Promotion Council, which is an organization set up by the Government of India in 1966 to promote the Indian gem and jewellery industry and its products.
❖ Gletz: Another term for the inclusion within the diamond.
❖ Good Cut: An acceptable diamond cut with decent proportions and sparkle.
❖ Grading report: A formal document issued for a particular diamond by the gemological laboratory describing all its unique characteristics.
❖ Grain: A small, concentrated area of crystal structure distortion of any type.
❖ Grain: 1/4 of a carat; 1ct = 4 grains
❖ Graining: Lines visible internally/externally, showing the crystal structure’s growth pattern.
❖ Granular structure: There are twelve grains in a diamond crystal making up eight octahedral faces in the isometric/cubic system, forming its granular structure.
❖ Grease belt: Grease belt is an effective method of separating the rough diamond from the crushed diamond-bearing gravel.
❖ Hardness: It is a measure of a diamond’s ability to resist scratches. It is scaled from 1 to 10 on the Mohs scale. Diamond grades as the highest (10) in the Hardness.
❖ Hearts & Arrows Cut: A perfectly symmetrical round brilliant cut diamond with 58 facets is known as Hearts & Arrows Cut because the shape resembles hearts and a star of arrows of the same length and width under special illumination.
❖ Heart Cut: A heart-shaped brilliant-cut diamond, pointed at one end with two rounded edges separated by a V-shape on the other.
❖ Hue: A diamonds’ primary color impression (i.e., red, green, or blue) is known as its hue.
❖ HRD: Acronym used for the Hoge Raad Voor Diamant (translated as the ‘Diamond High Council), established in 1973. It monitors the import and export of half of the world’s loose diamond supply. It also issues widely recognized diamond grading certificates.
❖ Ideal Cut: The popular term for perfectly proportioned round diamonds. For an ideal cut diamond, the following proportion range is favourable.
• Table Diameter: 52.4% – 57.5%
• Crown Angle: 33.7° – 35.8°
• Girdle Thickness: 0.51% – 2.95%
• Pavilion Angle: 40.2° – 41.25°
• Culet: None/Pointed – Medium
• Total Depth: 56.88% – 63.92%
❖ IGI: An acronym for the International Gemological Institute, founded in 1975. It grades the diamond and issues the certificate.
❖ Included (I) Grade: This is the lowest clarity grade for diamonds having inclusions visible to the naked eyes.
❖ Inclusion: A term to describe the internal flaw present in the diamond.
❖ Indented natural: A portion of the rough diamond surface dipping below a polished diamond surface.
❖ Infrared spectra: A graphical plotting of diamond – molecules’ vibrational modes over a range of wavelengths outside of the visible spectrum.
❖ Internally Flawless (IF) Grade: This is one of the highest clarity grades after the flawless, describing diamonds with nearly no inclusions.
❖ Internal Graining: Internal irregularities in crystal growth. It may appear milky with faint lines/streaks or colored & reflective.
❖ JNA Awards: Established in 2012, the JNA award is the premier platform in the gem & jewellery industry that recognizes the individuals and enterprises that have demonstrated excellence, leadership, innovation, or positive contributions to their businesses and communities.
❖ Keel: It is the equivalent of a culet in a non-brilliant style facet arrangement forming a line instead of a point at the bottom of a pavilion.
❖ Kimberley Pipe: It refers to a funnel-shaped extrusion of volcanic rock that may or may not contain diamonds.
❖ Kimberley Process: This is a certification system for diamonds to prevent and discourage the flow of conflict diamonds in the market.
❖ Knot: A type of diamond inclusion where one crystal is lodged inside another larger crystal.
❖ Lab-grown Diamonds: They are also known as synthetic diamonds or cultural diamonds. They are man-made diamonds made of non-diamond material in the laboratories through various processes, such as HPHT (High-Pressure High Temperature), CVD (chemical vapor deposition), etc.
❖ Laser Cutting: The diamond is cut/divided on any given plane through the light amplification by stimulated emission of laser radiation.
❖ Laser Drill Hole: It is used to enhance the diamond’s clarity by removing a noticeable inclusion through a tiny needle-like tube made by a laser.
❖ Laser Identification: Microscopically smaller superficial inscription created on a diamond surface by a laser for identification.
❖ Leverage Gauge: It is an instrument to measure a mounted/unmounted diamond’s precise dimensions.
❖ Length to Width Ratio: It is measured as a relative length of a diamond, generally for the fancy-shaped diamonds, where the width is always stated as 1.
❖ Light Leakage: It is the amount of light lost through a diamond when it is not cut to its perfect proportion and symmetry. Diamonds with zero light leakage are referred to as the Brilliant 10 displaying a higher degree of scintillation.
❖ Light Map: It is a computer-generated graphical display mostly as the ASET map indicating the light performance of a diamond.
❖ Light Performance: The general term for diamond attributes related to the light, including brightness, contrast, fire, leakage, etc.
❖ Light-return: It is referred to as the opposite of leakage, meaning the amount of light entering the crown of the diamond and redirected to the viewer’s eyes.
❖ Loose Diamond: It means a cut and polished diamond ready for sale or set to be mounted on a piece of jewellery.
❖ Loupe: A diamond loupe is a special lens magnifying the diamond to 10x in size, popularly known as Magnifying Glass.
❖ Lower Girdle: The facet-pairs below the diamond girdle and between the pavilion mains.
❖ Luster: The quality of reflected/refracted light from the diamond surface. It can be described as adamantine, earthy/dull, greasy, metallic, pearly, resinous, silky, vitreous, waxy, etc.
❖ Macle: A mutation in the rough diamond’s grain direction creates a twinned crystal, whose orientation is 180 degrees to each other.
❖ Mains: The diamond’s main facets (i.e., Pavilion-mains + crown-mains). It normally consists of the facets extending from the girdle to the table, on the diamond crown, and from the girdle to the culet, on the diamond pavilion.
❖ Marquise-Cut: It is a brilliant-cut diamond shape with two curved sides and tapered/pointed ends.
❖ Master Diamonds: A set of polished diamonds of known color-grades and saturation used in determining the color-grade of any other diamonds, simply by comparison.
❖ Mazal: This term is generally used for closed-deal in the diamond trade.
❖ Melee: A group of diamonds (typically weighing 0.12 carats or less) used to accent a larger stone.
❖ Metric System: A decimal system (based on weights and measures) used in weighing diamonds. One metric gram consists of five carats.
❖ Mine Cut: Also known as an old mine cut, this round/rectangular-shaped diamond-cut embodies a small table, a high crown, and a large culet.
❖ Mixed Cut: The mixed cut is a combination of the two most popular diamond cutting methods. For example, a brilliant-cut along with a step cut.
❖ Mohs scale: The Mohs scale is used to determine any matter’s hardness. Diamonds rank the highest on the Mohs scale at 10.
❖ Mounting: The process of setting up the stone into the particular jewellery-setting is mounting.
❖ Naked-Eye-View: When a diamond is inspected with a person’s eye as opposed to using a loupe.
❖ Natural: Natural is a part of the rough diamond left behind by the diamond-cutter, usually located near the diamond girdle.
❖ Needle: A needle is a thin, rod-shaped inclusion found within a diamond.
❖ Nick: A nick is a minor chip or a surface break on the diamond surface.
❖ Octahedral Crystal/Octahedron: A diamond-shape having the symmetrical layout of eight equilateral triangles appearing as two pyramids joined at the bases.
❖ Off Size: The diamond sizes in between the magic numbers like 1 carat, 1.5 carats, 2.0 carats, etc., are referred to as off-sizes.
❖ Old European Cut: The antique Old European diamond-cut features a small table, a heavy crown, and remarkable depth.
❖ Oval-Cut: A brilliant-cut diamond shape with rounded ends and curved sides.
❖ Open-Culet: This term refers to a larger than normal culet.
❖ Open-Table: This term refers to a larger than the normal facet.
❖ Open Cast/Open Pit Mining: It is a diamond-mining method in which diamonds are mined from the earth-surface.
❖ Pavilion: It is a faceted steeply angled bottom part of the diamond sitting below the girdle.
❖ Pear-Cut: A fancy-cut diamond-shape with a wide rounded at one edge and pointed at the other, resembling a pear or teardrop.
❖ Pinpoint: An extremely small diamond inclusion looks like a small crystal within a diamond.
❖ Pique: It is an alternative term used for (diamond) inclusion.
❖ Pointer: A weight measurement for a diamond, equal to 0.01 (1/100) carat. For example, a 0.50-carat diamond is equivalent to a 50-pointer diamond.
❖ Polish: The measure of the degree of smoothness and light refraction is called diamond-polish. The only thing that can polish a diamond is another diamond. Unlike rough, polished diamonds display maximum refraction of the light and are free from any dull surface coating with a smooth faceting.
❖ Polish Lines: Tiny parallel polished grooves confined to a single facet produced by irregularities in the diamond surface.
❖ Polish Marks: Surface clouding caused by excessive heat (also called burn mark, or burned facet), or uneven polished surface resulting from structural irregularities.
❖ Poor Cut: A diamond that is cut with different proportions than the ideal cut diamond. The poorly cut diamond appears dull and lifeless.
❖ Price per Carat: The carat-weight is a primary factor that affects the diamond-price. Therefore, in diamond trading, diamond-price per carat is quoted, and based on that price for a diamond of any carat is determined.
❖ Princess-Cut: It is a brilliant-cut square/rectangle-shaped diamond with pointed corners.
❖ Prongs: The alternative term used for claws.
❖ Quadrillion: Quadrillion is a square-shaped diamond with a total of 49 facets, including 21 crown facets, 24 pavilion facets, and 4 girdle facets.
❖ Quality: Quality describes the overall attributes of any diamond, including its 4Cs.
❖ Radiance: The amount of light refracted and reflected by any diamond is called its radiance. It is also called the life or sparkle of the diamond.
❖ Radiant Cut: A brilliant-cut rectangular/square-shaped diamond with cut-off corners.
❖ Ratio: The diamond-ratio describes how long the diamond is in comparison with its width. It is not applied to round-cut diamonds but is used in analyzing the outline of other fancy shapes.
❖ RBC Cut: An acronym for the Round Brilliant Cut Diamond has 57-58 facets, also known as a full cut diamond.
❖ Re-Cutting: Many times the diamond is re-cut (re-fashioned) to improve upon its beauty, quality, scalability, and value.
❖ Rio Tinto Group: Rio Tinto Group is a leading Anglo-Australian multinational metals and mining corporation, founded in 1873. It focuses on finding, mining, and processing natural mineral resources (including diamonds).
❖ RJC: Founded in 2005, the Responsible Jewellery Council (RJC) is the leading standards authority in the global watch and jewellery industry to ensure a sustainable supply chain. It issues the landmark RJC Code of Practices Certification considering a wide range of supply chain issues, including business ethics, human rights, social and environmental performance.
❖ Rose Cut: A diamond-cut with a flat base and the upper facets cut to a point.
❖ Rough Diamond: The diamond in its natural form, i.e., an uncut/unpolished diamond.
❖ Round Cut: A traditional round brilliant-cut diamond with 57 or 58 facets.
❖ Saturation: The intensity of the diamond color hue. For example, a fancy yellow-colored diamond with added saturation might be considered as an intense fancy yellow-colored diamond.
❖ Sawing: A large well-formed octahedron rough diamond is sawed into two pieces, for carat-weight retention. In sawing, the rough diamonds can be divided in limited directions, considering the rules of the diamond-cutting process.
❖ Scaife: A term used for the flat cast iron wheel utilized in diamond-polishing.
❖ Scintillation: The mirror-like reflection and the sparkle of diamond-facets, when the diamond is rotated under the light.
❖ Scratch: A long but shallow mark (generally of white color) on the diamond surface is called a scratch.
❖ Sieve: A tool for sorting rough (or polished) diamonds by their size.
❖ Shape: Diamond-shape means the visible and actual shape of the diamonds, i.e., round, princess, radiant, cushion, emerald, marquise, pear, oval, heart, etc.
❖ SI (Slightly Included): A clarity grading for diamonds, in which the inclusions are slightly visible through naked eyes.
❖ Simulant: Any diamond-like material, either natural or artificial, which is marketed as a look-alike for a natural diamond. Not to be confused with synthetic.
❖ Single Cut: A small round-cut diamond with only 16, 17, or 18 facets (instead of the normal 57-58 facets of a full-cut round diamond) is called a single-cut diamond.
❖ Solitaire: Usually, diamonds above certain points (usually 0.23 carats) are called solitaires.
❖ Sort/Sorting: A term used to classify diamonds depending on their size, color, clarity, etc.
❖ Sparkle: The light-spots appear on the diamond surface when it moves.
❖ Spread Cut: A diamond-cut with a comparatively larger table and a thinner crown height.
❖ Star Facet: One from the eight triangular facets on the upper crown (next to the table) of a round brilliant-cut diamond.
❖ Step Cut: A diamond cut resembles steps with long rectangular facets running parallel to the girdle and decreasing in size as they move farther from the girdle.
❖ Surface Coating: The application of a thin artificial layer on the exterior of a diamond, colored gemstone, pearl affecting their appearance. However, these coatings are not considered permanent, as their effects may diminish over time.
❖ Surface Graining: An indication of structural irregularity on the diamond surface, such as faint facet lines, a grooved/wavy surface, etc.
❖ Sustainable Origin: Sustainable origin of diamonds refers to eco-friendly, conflict-free, and ethically-sourced diamonds.
❖ Symmetry: Measure of an overall uniformity in the diamond facets in terms of their alignment and intersection. Diamond symmetry ranges from poor to ideal.
❖ Synthetic Diamond: Another word for lab-grown diamonds.
❖ Table: Uppermost flat part of the diamond parallel to the girdle is called its table.
❖ Table %: The total diameter of the diamond that divides the width of the diamond-table. Table % critically affects the diamond sparkle.
❖ Tone: Tone refers to the pattern of light and dark color-spots that appear on diamond spots.
❖ Toughness: Toughness describes the ability of a diamond to resist breakage.
❖ Transparency: The amount of light transmitted through a diamond.
❖ Trapeze: Trapezoid-shaped diamonds are called Trapeze.
❖ Treatment: The processes that enhance the diamond appearance are called Treatment.
❖ Triangle Cut: A diamond-cut with three sides resembling a triangle-shape.
❖ Twinning Wisp: An irregular, ribbon-like inclusion within a diamond.
❖ Triple EX: This term refers to the perfect cut of the diamond, graded with an excellent cut, excellent polish, and excellent symmetry.
❖ Ultraviolet Light: Ultraviolet light is light with a shorter wavelength than visible light, hence not visible to the naked human eye. But UV light is used in measuring the diamond fluorescence.
❖ Upper Girdle: The pairs of facets above the girdle and between the crown mains (bezel facets).
❖ Very Good Cut (Premium): A diamond-cut meeting the highest diamond-quality standards maximizing its brilliance.
❖ Virtual Facet: When any single facet of the diamond can reflect light from multiple sources, it increases the individual sparkle diamond produces than the actual number of facets. These individual light events are known as virtual facets.
❖ VS (Very Slightly Included) Grade: It is a more popular diamond-clarity grade amongst diamond buyers.
❖ VVS (Very Very Slightly Included) Grade: The VVS clarity grade is one level between IF and VS diamond clarity grades.
❖ Weight Retention: It is the preservation of carat-weight or carat-weight loss reduction during the diamond-cutting process.
❖ Window: It is the facet polished on a rough diamond to see inside it.
❖ Wisp: A thin hair-like or cloud-like curved inclusion within a diamond.
❖ X-Ray Fluorescence: When exposed to X-rays, most diamonds fluoresce. This characteristic is usually used to sort rough diamonds.
About Us
ROYAL DIAM is a Diamond manufacturing and exporting firm of India, established in 1991. The firm has its high standard diamond-processing unit based in city of diamonds, Surat.
